LCD Reference Article Billing and Coding Article

Billing and Coding: Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Knee Osteoarthritis

A59030

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Draft Article
Draft Articles are works in progress and not necessarily a reflection of the current billing and coding practices. Revisions to codes are carefully and thoroughly reviewed and are not intended to change the original intent of the LCD.

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Contractor Information

Article Information

General Information

Source Article ID
N/A
Article ID
A59030
Original ICD-9 Article ID
Not Applicable
Article Title
Billing and Coding: Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Knee Osteoarthritis
Article Type
Billing and Coding
Original Effective Date
08/21/2022
Revision Effective Date
08/29/2024
Revision Ending Date
N/A
Retirement Date
N/A

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CMS National Coverage Policy

Title XVIII of the Social Security Act, §1833(e) prohibits Medicare payment for any claim which lacks the necessary information to process the claim

CMS Internet-Only Manual, Pub. 100-04, Medicare Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 12, §30.6.7(D) Payment for Office or Other Outpatient Evaluation and Management (E/M) Visits (Codes 99201-99215) - Drug Administration Services and E/M Visits Billed on Same Day of Service

CMS Internet-Only Manual, Pub. 100-04, Medicare Claims Processing Manual, Chapter 17, §40 Discarded Drugs and Biologicals and §90.2 Drugs, Biologicals, and Radiopharmaceuticals

Article Guidance

Article Text

The information in this article contains billing, coding or other guidelines that complement the Local Coverage Determination (LCD) for Hyaluronic Acid Injections for Knee Osteoarthritis L39260.

*Note: The prescribing information for the dose and frequency of administration should be consistent with the United States (U.S.) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved labeling.

Billing subsequent injections in a series (EJ modifier):

The EJ modifier must be used to indicate subsequent injections of a series. Do not use this modifier for the first injection of each series. A series is defined as a set of injections for each joint and each treatment. For example, injection of the left knee is a separate series from injection of the right knee.

A series of injections may be repeated after 6 months or more have elapsed since the completion of a prior series of injections and if all applicable related LCD criteria are met for a repeat series.

Required use of the JW and JZ modifier

The JW modifier must be used for all claims with unused drugs or biologicals from single-use vials or single-use packages that are discarded (except those provided under the Competitive Acquisition Program (CAP) for Part B drugs and biologicals). Document the discarded drug or biological in the patient’s medical record when submitting claims with unused Part B drugs or biologicals from single use vials or single use packages that are appropriately discarded.

The JZ modifier must be used for all claims with drugs or biologicals from single use vials or single use packages where there are no unused or discarded amounts.

Billing the injection procedure:

  • The CPT® code (procedure code) 20610 or 20611 (with ultrasound guidance) may be billed for the intra-articular injection in addition to the drug.
  • If an aspiration and an injection procedure are performed at the same session, bill only 1 unit for CPT® code 20610 or 20611.
  • When additional substances simultaneously administer (e.g., cortisone, anesthetics) with viscosupplementation, only 1 injection service is allowed per knee.
  • The appropriate site modifier (RT or LT) must be appended to CPT® code 20610 or CPT® code 20611 to indicate if the service was performed unilaterally and modifier (50) must be appended to indicate if the service was performed bilaterally.
  • An Evaluation and Management (E&M) service may be appropriate if the decision to start the series of injections is made after an evaluation during the same visit. Indicate this by using an E&M code with modifier -25.
  • An E&M service should not be reported for subsequent injections unless there was a separately identifiable problem for which the E&M service was required and rendered.

Response To Comments

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1
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Coding Information

Bill Type Codes

Code Description

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Revenue Codes

Code Description

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CPT/HCPCS Codes

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CPT/HCPCS Modifiers

Group 1

(7 Codes)
Group 1 Paragraph

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Group 1 Codes
Code Description
25 SIGNIFICANT, SEPARATELY IDENTIFIABLE EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT SERVICE BY THE SAME PHYSICIAN ON THE SAME DAY OF THE PROCEDURE OR OTHER SERVICE: THE PHYSICIAN MAY NEED TO INDICATE THAT ON THE DAY A PROCEDURE OR SERVICE IDENTIFIED BY A CPTCODE WAS PERFORMED, THE PATIENT'S CONDITION REQUIRED A SIGNIFICANT, SEPARATELY IDENTIFIABLE E/M SERVICE ABOVE AND BEYOND THE OTHER SERVICE PROVIDED OR BEYOND THE USUAL PREOPERATIVE AND POSTOPERATIVE CARE ASSOCIATED WITH THE PROCEDURE THAT WAS PERFORMED. THE E/M SERVICE MAY BE PROMPTED BY THE SYMPTOM OR CONDITION FOR WHICH THE PROCEDURE AND/OR SERVICE WAS PROVIDED. AS SUCH, DIFFERENT DIAGNOSES ARE NOT REQUIRED FOR REPORTING OF THE E/M SERVICES ON THE SAME DATE. THIS CIRCUMSTANCE MAY BE REPORTED BY ADDING THE MODIFIER -25 TO THE APPROPRIATE LEVEL OF E/M SERVICE, OR THE SEPARATE FIVE DIGIT MODIFIER 09925 MAY BE USED. NOTE: THIS MODIFIER IS NOT USED TO REPORT AN E/M SERVICE THAT RESULTED IN A DECISION TO PERFORM SURGERY. SEE MODIFIER -57.
50 BILATERAL PROCEDURE: UNLESS OTHERWISE IDENTIFIED IN THE LISTINGS, BILATERAL PROCEDURES THAT ARE PERFORMED AT THE SAME OPERATIVE SESSION SHOULD BE IDENTIFIED BY ADDING THE MODIFIER -50 TO THE APPROPRIATE FIVE DIGIT CODE OR BY USE OF THE SEPARATE FIVE DIGIT MODIFIER CODE 09950
EJ SUBSEQUENT CLAIMS FOR A DEFINED COURSE OF THERAPY, E.G., EPO, SODIUM HYALURONATE, INFLIXIMAB
JW DRUG AMOUNT DISCARDED/NOT ADMINISTERED TO ANY PATIENT
JZ ZERO DRUG AMOUNT DISCARDED/NOT ADMINISTERED TO ANY PATIENT
LT LEFT SIDE (USED TO IDENTIFY PROCEDURES PERFORMED ON THE LEFT SIDE OF THE BODY)
RT RIGHT SIDE (USED TO IDENTIFY PROCEDURES PERFORMED ON THE RIGHT SIDE OF THE BODY)
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ICD-10-CM Codes that Support Medical Necessity

Group 1

(8 Codes)
Group 1 Paragraph

It is the provider’s responsibility to select codes carried out to the highest level of specificity and selected from the ICD-10-CM code book appropriate to the year in which the service is rendered for the claim(s) submitted.

Group 1 Codes
Code Description
M17.0 Bilateral primary osteoarthritis of knee
M17.11 Unilateral primary osteoarthritis, right knee
M17.12 Unilateral primary osteoarthritis, left knee
M17.2 Bilateral post-traumatic osteoarthritis of knee
M17.31 Unilateral post-traumatic osteoarthritis, right knee
M17.32 Unilateral post-traumatic osteoarthritis, left knee
M17.4 Other bilateral secondary osteoarthritis of knee
M17.5 Other unilateral secondary osteoarthritis of knee
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ICD-10-CM Codes that DO NOT Support Medical Necessity

Group 1

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Group 1 Codes

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ICD-10-PCS Codes

Group 1

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Group 1 Codes

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Additional ICD-10 Information

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Bill Type Codes

Contractors may specify Bill Types to help providers identify those Bill Types typically used to report this service. Absence of a Bill Type does not guarantee that the article does not apply to that Bill Type. Complete absence of all Bill Types indicates that coverage is not influenced by Bill Type and the article should be assumed to apply equally to all claims.

Code Description

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Revenue Codes

Contractors may specify Revenue Codes to help providers identify those Revenue Codes typically used to report this service. In most instances Revenue Codes are purely advisory. Unless specified in the article, services reported under other Revenue Codes are equally subject to this coverage determination. Complete absence of all Revenue Codes indicates that coverage is not influenced by Revenue Code and the article should be assumed to apply equally to all Revenue Codes.

Contractors may specify Revenue Codes to help providers identify those Revenue Codes typically used to report this service. In most instances Revenue Codes are purely advisory; unless specified in the article services reported under other Revenue Codes are equally subject to this coverage determination. Complete absence of all Revenue Codes indicates that coverage is not influenced by Revenue Code and the article should be assumed to apply equally to all Revenue Codes.


Code Description

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Other Coding Information

Group 1

Group 1 Paragraph

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Group 1 Codes

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Coding Table Information

Excluded CPT/HCPCS Codes - Table Format
Code Descriptor Generic Name Descriptor Brand Name Exclusion Effective Date Exclusion End Date Reason for Exclusion
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Non-Excluded CPT/HCPCS Ended Codes - Table Format
Code Descriptor Generic Name Descriptor Brand Name Exclusion Effective Date Exclusion End Date Reason for Exclusion
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Revision History Information

Revision History Date Revision History Number Revision History Explanation
08/29/2024 R2

Under Article Text subheading Billing subsequent injections in a series (EJ modifier) deleted the verbiage “Use EJ modifier with the HCPCS code for the drug administered to indicate subsequent injections of a series. Do not use this modifier for the first injection of each series. A series is defined as a set of injections for each joint and each treatment.” Added the following verbiage:

“The EJ modifier must be used to indicate subsequent injections of a series. Do not use this modifier for the first injection of each series. A series is defined as a set of injections for each joint and each treatment. For example, injection of the left knee is a separate series from injection of the right knee.

A series of injections may be repeated after 6 months or more have elapsed since the completion of a prior series of injections and if all applicable related LCD criteria are met for a repeat series.”

Deleted subheading “JW Modifier Requirement” and the verbiage “Effective January 1, 2017, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) issued CR 9603, regarding the use of the JW modifier for discarded Part B drugs and biologicals. Providers are required to use the JW modifier for claims with unused drugs or biologicals from single use vials or single use packages that are appropriately discarded (except those provided under the CAP for Part B drugs and biologicals). Document the discarded drug or biological in the patient’s medical record when submitting claims with unused Part B drugs or biologicals from single use vials or single use packages that are appropriately discarded.” Added subheading “Required use of the JW and JZ modifier” and the following verbiage:

“The JW modifier must be used for all claims with unused drugs or biologicals from single-use vials or single-use packages that are discarded (except those provided under the Competitive Acquisition Program (CAP) for Part B drugs and biologicals). Document the discarded drug or biological in the patient’s medical record when submitting claims with unused Part B drugs or biologicals from single use vials or single use packages that are appropriately discarded.

The JZ modifier must be used for all claims with drugs or biologicals from single use vials or single use packages where there are no unused or discarded amounts.”

01/01/2023 R1

Under CPT/HCPCS Modifiers Group 1: Codes added JZ. This revision is due to the 2023 Annual/Q1 CPT/HCPCS Code Update and is retroactive effective for dates of service on or after 1/1/23.

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Associated Documents

Medicare BPM Ch 15.50.2 SAD Determinations
Medicare BPM Ch 15.50.2
Related National Coverage Documents
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SAD Process URL 1
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SAD Process URL 2
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Statutory Requirements URLs
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Rules and Regulations URLs
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CMS Manual Explanations URLs
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Public Versions
Updated On Effective Dates Status
07/29/2024 08/29/2024 - N/A Currently in Effect You are here
01/10/2023 01/01/2023 - 08/28/2024 Superseded View
Some older versions have been archived. Please visit the MCD Archive Site to retrieve them.

Keywords

  • Hyaluronic Acid
  • Hyaluronic Acid Injections
  • Knee Osteoarthritis